Simion Stoilow or Stoilov ( – 4 April 1961) was a mathematician, creator of the Romanian school of complex analysis, and author of over 100 publications.
He returned to Romania in 1916 to fight in the Romanian Campaign of World War I, first in Dobrudja, then in Moldavia. After the war, he became professor of mathematics at the University of Iași (1919–1921) and the University of Cernăuți (1921–1939). He was an Invited Speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1920 at Strasbourg, in 1928 at Bologna, and in 1936 at Oslo. In 1928 he was awarded the Legion of Honour, Officer rank. In 1939 he moved to Bucharest, working first at the Polytechnic University of Bucharest, and from 1941 at the University of Bucharest, serving as rector from 1944 to 1946 and as dean of the Faculties of Mathematics and Physics from 1948 to 1951.
From 1946 to 1948, he served as Romanian ambassador to France. In 1946 he was a member of the Romanian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference, headed by Gheorghe Tătărescu. In July 1947 he organized at Club de Chaillot the exhibit "L'art français au secours des enfants roumains"; Constantin Brâncuși participated, Tristan Tzara and Jean Cassou wrote the preface to the catalogue. In 1946 he was awarded the Order of the Star of Romania, Grand Officer rank and in 1948, the Order of the Star of the Romanian People's Republic, Second class.
Stoilow was elected corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1936, and full member in 1945, and later became president of the Physics and Mathematics section of the Academy. In 1949 he was the founding director of the Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy, serving in that capacity until he died. Among his students at the University of Bucharest and at the Institute were Cabiria Andreian Cazacu, , , Ionel Bucur, and , as well as Nicolae Boboc, , and . Some of the first Romanian topologists who obtained their candidate’s theses were Stoilow’s students Tudor Ganea, , Aristide Deleanu, Valentin Poénaru, and .
In 1952, Stoilow was awarded the Order of the Star of the Romanian People's Republic, First class.
Stoilow died in Bucharest in 1961 of a stroke. He was cremated at the Cenușa crematorium. Prior to the Romanian Revolution of 1989, his funeral urn was maintained in a crypt at the Carol Park Mausoleum.
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